Tag Archive for: Columbus

America West Flight 2811 from Newark, New Jersey, an Airbus A320 (tail number N628NW), makes it’s final approach to Port Columbus Airport Tuesday afternoon, February 16, 1999 with it’s front nose gear turned 90° the wrong way. The nose gear which should have been turned along the center line of the plane was instead turned perpendicular to the direction of travel. Although Columbus Fire Department and many of the surrounding fire departments responded to the scene with squads, medics and engine companies, the plane landed safely, and its passengers evacuated the plane via it emergency slide chutes. No one was reported injured in the incident although the plane closed one of Port Columbus’s runway’s for several hours until FAA investigators could examine the plane.

 

An America West Airbus A320 (tail number N628NW ) makes it's final approach to Port Columbus Airport Tuesday afternoon with it's front nose gear turned 90¡ the wrong way. The nose gear which should have been turned along the center line of the plane was instead turned perpendicular to the direction of travel. Although Columbus Fire Department and many of the surrounding fire departments responded to the scene with squads, medics and engine companies, the plane landed safely, and its passengers evacuated the plane via it emergency slide chutes. No one was reported injured in the incident although the plane closed one of Port Columbus's runway's for several hours until FAA investigators could examine the plane. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) [Photographed with Canon EOS D2000 cameras in RAW mode with L series lenses.]An America West Airbus A320 (tail number N628NW ) makes it's final approach to Port Columbus Airport Tuesday afternoon with it's front nose gear turned 90¡ the wrong way. The nose gear which should have been turned along the center line of the plane was instead turned perpendicular to the direction of travel. Although Columbus Fire Department and many of the surrounding fire departments responded to the scene with squads, medics and engine companies, the plane landed safely, and its passengers evacuated the plane via it emergency slide chutes. No one was reported injured in the incident although the plane closed one of Port Columbus's runway's for several hours until FAA investigators could examine the plane. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) [Photographed with Canon EOS D2000 cameras in RAW mode with L series lenses.]

[Photographed with Canon EOS D2000 cameras in RAW mode with L series lenses.]

The plane suffered minor damage during the landing at Port Columbus International Airport (CMH), Columbus, Ohio, with the nose wheels rotated 90 degrees. When the flight crew lowered the landing gear it received a (Landing Gear Control and Interface Unit) fault that after a visual fly-by resulted in nose wheels rotated 90 degrees from the straight direction foreseen for landing.

The pilot performed a normal touchdown which was followed by an emergency evacuation from the over-wing exits. None of the 31 people on board were injured.

The NTSB investigation revealed that “the external ‘O’ rings in the steering control valve had extruded and by-passed pressurized hydraulic fluid to rotate the nose wheels. This event had occurred before, and the manufacturer had issued a service bulletin. The operator had not complied with the service bulletin, nor were they required to comply with it.”

From the NTSB’s brief narrative statement of facts, conditions and circumstances pertinent to the accident/incident: 

On February 16, 1999, at 1602 Eastern Standard Time, an Airbus A-320-231, N628AW, operated by America West Airlines as flight 2811, received minor damage when it landed at Port Columbus International Airport (CMH), Columbus, Ohio, with the nose wheels rotated 90 degrees. There were no injuries to the 2 certificated pilots, 3 flight attendants and 26 passengers. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the scheduled passenger flight which had departed from Newark (EWR), New Jersey, about 1404. Flight 2811 was operated on an instrument flight rules flight plan conducted under 14 CFR Part 121.

According to statements from the flight crew, flight 2811 was uneventful until the landing gear was lowered prior to landing at CMH. After the landing gear was extended to the down-and-locked position, the flight crew received indications of dual landing gear control and interface unit (LGCIU) faults.

The flight crew entered into a holding pattern and attempted to troubleshoot the faults; however, they were unable to determine the source of the problem. The flight crew then prepared for a landing at CMH, with nose-wheel steering and thrust reversers inoperative due to the faults. During the final approach, at the flight crew’s request, the control tower performed a visual check of the landing gear, which revealed that the nose-wheels were rotated about 90 degrees.

The flight crew then initiated a missed approach and declared an emergency. The cabin crew was notified of an impending emergency landing, and the cabin and passengers were prepared for the landing. The captain initiated the approach, and described the touchdown as soft. The airplane stopped on the 10,250-foot-long runway with about 2,500 feet of runway remaining. Damage was limited to the nose landing gear tires and rims.

The captain reported that after landing, he noticed smoke was drifting up on the right side of the airplane. He said he attempted to contact the control tower and confirm if a fire was present, but was unable due to frequency congestion. He then initiated an emergency evacuation using the left and right side over-wing exits.

A review of the air/ground communications, as recorded by the Columbus Air Traffic Control Tower, did not reveal a congested frequency when the emergency evacuation was initiated.

According to Airbus, nose wheel steering was hydraulically actuated through either the cockpit tiller and/or the rudder pedals.

A post-incident visual inspection of the nose landing gear assembly revealed no anomalies. The steering control module was replaced, and a subsequent functional check of the nose-wheel steering was successful.

The steering control module was a sealed unit, opened only during overhaul, with no specified overhaul time, and had accumulated 3,860 hours since last overhauled on March 3, 1998. It was shipped to Messier-Bugatti, the manufacturer, and examined under the supervision of the French Bureau Enquetes Accidents (BEA). The examination revealed that the external hydraulic O-ring seals on the steering control module’s selector valve were extruded (distorted out of the seal’s groove). A small offset was found in the steering control valve.

Airbus further reported that while the offset would have been measurable, it would not have been noticeable under normal operations. Additionally, during landing gear extension, the brake and steering control unit (BSCU) would have been energized and hydraulic pressure would have been directed toward the steering servo valve. The BSCU would have then commanded a small rotation of the nose wheel to check for proper movement. Any disagreement between the commanded position and actual position of the nose wheel would have deactivated the nose wheel steering. However, if hydraulic pressure had bypassed the steering control valve, there would have been continued pressurization to the servo valve, and because of the servo valve’s inherent offset, in-flight rotation of the nose wheels.

Procedures existed for removal of hydraulic pressure from the steering control module. However, once the nose-wheel strut had deflected 90 degrees, the centering cam would have been rotated to a flat area, and would have been incapable of overriding the 3,000 PSI hydraulic system, and returning the nose wheels to a centered position.

Documents from Airbus indicated there have been three similar incidents in which A320 airplanes landed with the nose wheels rotated about 90 degrees. Examination of the steering control modules on two of the airplanes revealed extrusion of the selector valve’s external seals similar to that found on N628AW. Airbus had attributed the extrusion failures to the lack of a backup seal or the effects of aging on the seals. As a result of these incidents, Airbus issued Service Bulletin (SB) A320-32-1197 on October 8, 1998, to recommend replacement of the external seals on the steering control module’s selector valve on A320 and A321 airplanes within 18 months of the SB’s issuance.

At the time of the incident, neither the French Direction General de l’Aviation Civile (DGAC), or the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), had adopted the service bulletin as an airworthiness directive. The operator was not required to comply with the service bulletin, and had not complied with it.

On March 24, 1999, the DGAC issued Airworthiness Directive (AD) 1999-124-129(B) to require compliance with the SB. On December 17, 1999, the FAA issued AD 99-23-09 which was based upon the French AD, with a 12 month time of compliance for modification of the nose wheel steering control valve.

America West Airlines was a U.S. airline headquartered in Tempe, Arizona. Their main hub was at Sky Harbor Airport in Phoenix, Arizona, with a secondary hub at Las Vegas McCarran International Airport in Las Vegas, Nevada. The airline became part of the US Airways Group after it acquired the larger airline in 2005 and adopted the US Airways brand name. America West was the second largest low-cost carrier in the U.S. after Southwest Airlines and served approximately 100 destinations in the US, Canada, and Mexico. Service to Europe was provided through codeshare partners. In March 2005, the airline operated a fleet of 132 aircraft, with a single maintenance base at Sky Harbor Airport in Phoenix. Regional jet and/or turboprop feeder flights were operated on a code sharing basis by Mesa Airlines and Chautauqua Airlines as America West Express.

Beginning in January 2006, all America West flights were branded as US Airways, along with most signage at airports and other printed material, though many flights were described as “operated by America West.” Apart from two heritage aircraft, the only remaining America West branding on aircraft can be found on some seat covers and bulkheads. The merged airline used America West’s “CACTUS” callsign and ICAO code “AWE”, but retained the US Airways name. As part of a merger between American Airlines and US Airways in February 2013, which led to American becoming the world’s largest airline, the call sign and ICAO code name was later retired on April 8, 2015 when the FAA granted a single operating certificate for both US Airways and American Airlines. The US Airways brand continued until October 17, 2015, when American Airlines retired the name.

 

 

Cincinnati Country Day School took on Fisher Catholic High School Friday November 17, 1995 in the Ohio State Athletic Association Division VI Quarter Finals game held at Springfield High School.  The night was miserable – pouring rain with a temperature about 39 degrees making it a cold wet mud bath of a game – so many fumbles, I lost count in the second quarter. Fourth ranked underdog Cincinnati Country Day School won the match, beating top ranked Fisher Catholic.

 

Cincinnati Country Day School Senior Running Back Aaron Prentice tries to go over the top of the pack to score against Fisher Catholic during a goal line stand. The attempt was unsuccessful on this attempt but the next play was worth 6 points. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) [Photographed on Fuji film using Canon F-1 & T-90 cameras with L series lenses. Digitized with Kodak RFS 2035 plus film scanners]

Cincinnati Country Day School Senior Running Back Aaron Prentice tries to go over the top of the pack to score against Fisher Catholic during a goal line stand. The attempt was unsuccessful on this attempt but the next play was worth 6 points. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Fisher Catholic junior running back Mike Wright prepares his thoughts in the locker room before Fridays game against Cincinnati Country Day School. In back is #88 Joe Grein. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) [Photographed on Fuji film using Canon F-1 & T-90 cameras with L series lenses. Digitized with Kodak RFS 2035 plus film scanners]

Fisher Catholic junior running back Mike Wright prepares his thoughts in the locker room before Fridays game against Cincinnati Country Day School. In back is #88 Joe Grein. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Cincinnati Country Day's #19 Geoff Prewitt grabs hold of Fisher Catholics QB #5 Tony Clum as he runs for a hole in the defensive line. The play was good for a 2 yard gain. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) [Photographed on Fuji film using Canon F-1 & T-90 cameras with L series lenses. Digitized with Kodak RFS 2035 plus film scanners]

Cincinnati Country Day’s #19 Geoff Prewitt grabs hold of Fisher Catholics QB #5 Tony Clum as he runs for a hole in the defensive line. The play was good for a 2 yard gain. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Fisher Catholic Senior Quarterback #5 Tony Clum prepares to hand off the ball to # 22 Senior Running back Kurt Phillips during the second quarter of play. The play was successful for a 6 yard gain. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) [Photographed on Fuji film using Canon F-1 & T-90 cameras with L series lenses. Digitized with Kodak RFS 2035 plus film scanners]

Fisher Catholic Senior Quarterback #5 Tony Clum prepares to hand off the ball to # 22 Senior Running back Kurt Phillips during the second quarter of play. The play was successful for a 6 yard gain. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Fisher Catholic Quarterback senior Tony Clum tries to break free from Cincinnati Country Day School Senior lineman # 78 Damon Anderson during the second quarter of play. CCDS # 35 Hisham Samawi assisted in the take down. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) [Photographed on Fuji film using Canon F-1 & T-90 cameras with L series lenses. Digitized with Kodak RFS 2035 plus film scanners]

Fisher Catholic Quarterback senior Tony Clum tries to break free from Cincinnati Country Day School Senior lineman # 78 Damon Anderson during the second quarter of play. CCDS # 35 Hisham Samawi assisted in the take down. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

 

All images photographed on Fuji film using Canon F-1 & T-90 cameras with L series lenses. Digitized with Kodak RFS 2035 plus film scanners

The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.

The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) Johnny and June Cash sing at the Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) Johnny and June Cash sing at the Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) Johnny and June Cash sing at the Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366) The Greater Columbus Billy Graham Crusade photographed Thursday, September 23, 1993 at Cooper Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

All images © James D. DeCamp.  NO SALES, NO ARCHIVES, NO REDISTRIBUTION. Photo may not be used for commercial purposes of any kind without the express written permission of James D. DeCamp | Jim@JamesDeCamp.com | (614) 367-6366.

Photographed on Kodacolor VR 400 and Kodacolor VR 1000 film with Canon F-1 and Canon T-90 camera bodies and Canon L series lenses.  Digitized with a Nikon Coolscan 4000 ED film scanner

William Franklin Graham Jr. KBE (November 7, 1918 – February 21, 2018) was an American evangelical Christian evangelist and an ordained Southern Baptist minister who became well known internationally after 1949. He has been looked upon as one of the most influential preachers of the 20th century. He held large indoor and outdoor rallies with sermons that were broadcast on radio and television, some still being re-broadcast into the 21st century.

In his six decades of television, Graham hosted annual Billy Graham Crusades, which ran from 1947 until his retirement in 2005. He also hosted the popular radio show Hour of Decision from 1950 to 1954. He repudiated racial segregation. In addition to his religious aims, he helped shape the worldview of a huge number of people who came from different backgrounds, leading them to find a relationship between the Bible and contemporary secular viewpoints. Graham preached to live audiences of nearly 215 million people in more than 185 countries and territories through various meetings, including BMS World Mission and Global Mission. He also reached hundreds of millions more through television, video, film, and webcasts.

Graham was a spiritual adviser to American presidents and provided spiritual counsel for every president from Harry Truman to Barack Obama. He was particularly close to Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson (one of Graham’s closest friends), and Richard Nixon. He insisted on racial integration for his revivals and crusades in 1953 and invited Martin Luther King Jr. to preach jointly at a revival in New York City in 1957. Graham bailed King out of jail in the 1960s when King was arrested during demonstrations. He was also lifelong friends with another televangelist, the founding pastor of the Crystal Cathedral, Robert H. Schuller, whom Graham talked into starting his own television ministry.

Graham operated a variety of media and publishing outlets. According to his staff, more than 3.2 million people have responded to the invitation at Billy Graham Crusades to “accept Jesus Christ as their personal savior“. As of 2008, Graham’s estimated lifetime audience, including radio and television broadcasts, topped 2.2 billion. Because of his crusades, Graham preached the gospel to more people in person than anyone in the history of Christianity. Graham was repeatedly on Gallup’s list of most admired men and women. He appeared on the list 60 times since 1955, more than any other individual in the world. Grant Wacker reports that by the mid-1960s, he had become the “Great Legitimator”.

Crash on I-70 kills child, leaves mother in critical condition.

Barbara Hershberger, 33, of 1191 Addison Dr. died of massive head and other injuries at 5:45 p.m. and her daughter, Michelle Richman, 3, died at Children’s Hospital about 4 p.m. Tuesday May 30, 1989, 90 minutes after the accident at a construction crossover on I-70, on the East Side of Columbus. Michelle was thrown from the car her mother was driving.  Investigators have linked green paint on an Oregon license plate and blue paint on the license plate frame holding it to paint smears on the Hershberger car.  Officers think the tractor-trailer with the Oregon license plate, and the rig’s driver, were involved in the fatal accident.  The paint smears puzzled accident investigators for a time Tuesday after the crash, when they examined Hershberger’s Honda Accord, because blue and green paint are not usually found together on a motor vehicle.  Then they saw the tractor-trailer believed to have caused the accident and found the blue frame, mounted on the bumper, containing three plates, one of them green. State Highway Patrol troopers stopped the truck on I-70 near Eaton, Ohio, about two hours after the accident.  Police and troopers said the accident apparently occurred when a tractor- trailer changed lanes in a construction area, clipped the rear of Hershberger’s car and forced it across a 3-inch high divider into eastbound traffic. Hershberger’s car collided with an eastbound car.  The driver of the tractor-trailer, Johnny Reece, 45, of Lawton, Okla., denied being involved.  Reece was driving the tractor-trailer for Sam Tanksley Trucking of Cape Girardeau, MoInvestigators seized the license plate frame and the plates from Reece’s rig because the green Oregon plate and the blue metal frame were damaged.  He also said it appears that silver paint was left on the frame from an accident. Hershberger’s car was silver.

 

Barbara Hershberger, 33, of 1191 Addison Dr. died of massive head and other injuries at 5:45 p.m. and her daughter, Michelle Richman, 3, died at Children's Hospital about 4 p.m. Tuesday May 30, 1989, 90 minutes after the accident at a construction crossover on I-70, on the East Side of Columbus. Michelle was thrown from the car her mother was driving.  Investigators have linked green paint on an Oregon license plate and blue paint on the license plate frame holding it to paint smears on the Hershberger car.  Officers think the tractor-trailer with the Oregon license plate, and the rig's driver, were involved in the fatal accident.  The paint smears puzzled accident investigators for a time Tuesday after the crash, when they examined Hershberger's Honda Accord, because blue and green paint are not usually found together on a motor vehicle.  Then they saw the tractor-trailer believed to have caused the accident and found the blue frame, mounted on the bumper, containing three plates, one of them green. State Highway Patrol troopers stopped the truck on I-70 near Eaton, Ohio, about two hours after the accident.  Police and troopers said the accident apparently occurred when a tractor- trailer changed lanes in a construction area, clipped the rear of Hershberger's car and forced it across a 3-inch high divider into eastbound traffic. Hershberger's car collided with an eastbound car.  The driver of the tractor-trailer, Johnny Reece, 45, of Lawton, Okla., denied being involved.  Reece was driving the tractor-trailer for Sam Tanksley Trucking of Cape Girardeau, MoInvestigators seized the license plate frame and the plates from Reece's rig because the green Oregon plate and the blue metal frame were damaged.  He also said it appears that silver paint was left on the frame from an accident. Hershberger's car was silver. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

(© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Barbara Hershberger, 33, of 1191 Addison Dr. died of massive head and other injuries at 5:45 p.m. and her daughter, Michelle Richman, 3, died at Children's Hospital about 4 p.m. Tuesday May 30, 1989, 90 minutes after the accident at a construction crossover on I-70, on the East Side of Columbus. Michelle was thrown from the car her mother was driving.  Investigators have linked green paint on an Oregon license plate and blue paint on the license plate frame holding it to paint smears on the Hershberger car.  Officers think the tractor-trailer with the Oregon license plate, and the rig's driver, were involved in the fatal accident.  The paint smears puzzled accident investigators for a time Tuesday after the crash, when they examined Hershberger's Honda Accord, because blue and green paint are not usually found together on a motor vehicle.  Then they saw the tractor-trailer believed to have caused the accident and found the blue frame, mounted on the bumper, containing three plates, one of them green. State Highway Patrol troopers stopped the truck on I-70 near Eaton, Ohio, about two hours after the accident.  Police and troopers said the accident apparently occurred when a tractor- trailer changed lanes in a construction area, clipped the rear of Hershberger's car and forced it across a 3-inch high divider into eastbound traffic. Hershberger's car collided with an eastbound car.  The driver of the tractor-trailer, Johnny Reece, 45, of Lawton, Okla., denied being involved.  Reece was driving the tractor-trailer for Sam Tanksley Trucking of Cape Girardeau, MoInvestigators seized the license plate frame and the plates from Reece's rig because the green Oregon plate and the blue metal frame were damaged.  He also said it appears that silver paint was left on the frame from an accident. Hershberger's car was silver. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

 (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Barbara Hershberger, 33, of 1191 Addison Dr. died of massive head and other injuries at 5:45 p.m. and her daughter, Michelle Richman, 3, died at Children's Hospital about 4 p.m. Tuesday May 30, 1989, 90 minutes after the accident at a construction crossover on I-70, on the East Side of Columbus. Michelle was thrown from the car her mother was driving.  Investigators have linked green paint on an Oregon license plate and blue paint on the license plate frame holding it to paint smears on the Hershberger car.  Officers think the tractor-trailer with the Oregon license plate, and the rig's driver, were involved in the fatal accident.  The paint smears puzzled accident investigators for a time Tuesday after the crash, when they examined Hershberger's Honda Accord, because blue and green paint are not usually found together on a motor vehicle.  Then they saw the tractor-trailer believed to have caused the accident and found the blue frame, mounted on the bumper, containing three plates, one of them green. State Highway Patrol troopers stopped the truck on I-70 near Eaton, Ohio, about two hours after the accident.  Police and troopers said the accident apparently occurred when a tractor- trailer changed lanes in a construction area, clipped the rear of Hershberger's car and forced it across a 3-inch high divider into eastbound traffic. Hershberger's car collided with an eastbound car.  The driver of the tractor-trailer, Johnny Reece, 45, of Lawton, Okla., denied being involved.  Reece was driving the tractor-trailer for Sam Tanksley Trucking of Cape Girardeau, MoInvestigators seized the license plate frame and the plates from Reece's rig because the green Oregon plate and the blue metal frame were damaged.  He also said it appears that silver paint was left on the frame from an accident. Hershberger's car was silver. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

(© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Barbara Hershberger, 33, of 1191 Addison Dr. died of massive head and other injuries at 5:45 p.m. and her daughter, Michelle Richman, 3, died at Children's Hospital about 4 p.m. Tuesday May 30, 1989, 90 minutes after the accident at a construction crossover on I-70, on the East Side of Columbus. Michelle was thrown from the car her mother was driving.  Investigators have linked green paint on an Oregon license plate and blue paint on the license plate frame holding it to paint smears on the Hershberger car.  Officers think the tractor-trailer with the Oregon license plate, and the rig's driver, were involved in the fatal accident.  The paint smears puzzled accident investigators for a time Tuesday after the crash, when they examined Hershberger's Honda Accord, because blue and green paint are not usually found together on a motor vehicle.  Then they saw the tractor-trailer believed to have caused the accident and found the blue frame, mounted on the bumper, containing three plates, one of them green. State Highway Patrol troopers stopped the truck on I-70 near Eaton, Ohio, about two hours after the accident.  Police and troopers said the accident apparently occurred when a tractor- trailer changed lanes in a construction area, clipped the rear of Hershberger's car and forced it across a 3-inch high divider into eastbound traffic. Hershberger's car collided with an eastbound car.  The driver of the tractor-trailer, Johnny Reece, 45, of Lawton, Okla., denied being involved.  Reece was driving the tractor-trailer for Sam Tanksley Trucking of Cape Girardeau, MoInvestigators seized the license plate frame and the plates from Reece's rig because the green Oregon plate and the blue metal frame were damaged.  He also said it appears that silver paint was left on the frame from an accident. Hershberger's car was silver. (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

 (© James D. DeCamp | http://www.JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce on the field at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor Saturday, November 21, 1987 guiding the Buckeyes to a 23-20 win over the Wolverines. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season - against Michigan - but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, "I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn't mind so much today." (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)  [Photographed on Kodak Tri-X Pan film with Canon F-1 Cameras and Canon L series lenses. Digitized with a Nikon CoolScan 4000ED.]

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce on the field at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor Saturday, November 21, 1987 guiding the Buckeyes to a 23-20 win over the Wolverines. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season – against Michigan – but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, “I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn’t mind so much today.” (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)  [Photographed on Kodak Tri-X Pan film with Canon F-1 Cameras and Canon L series lenses. Digitized with a Nikon CoolScan 4000ED.]

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce is carried off the filed at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor Saturday, November 21, 1987 after guiding the Buckeyes to a 23-20 win over the Wolverines. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season - against Michigan - but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, "I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn't mind so much today." (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)  [Photographed on Kodak Tri-X Pan film with Canon F-1 Cameras and Canon L series lenses. Digitized with a Nikon CoolScan 4000ED.]

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce is carried off the filed at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor Saturday, November 21, 1987 after guiding the Buckeyes to a 23-20 win over the Wolverines. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season – against Michigan – but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, “I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn’t mind so much today.” (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)  [Photographed on Kodak Tri-X Pan film with Canon F-1 Cameras and Canon L series lenses. Digitized with a Nikon CoolScan 4000ED.]

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce sits triumphantly at a post game press conference at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor Saturday, November 21, 1987 after guiding the Buckeyes to a 23-20 win over the Wolverines. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season - against Michigan - but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, "I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn't mind so much today." (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)  [Photographed on Kodak Tri-X Pan film with Canon F-1 Cameras and Canon L series lenses. Digitized with a Nikon CoolScan 4000ED.]

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce sits triumphantly at a post game press conference at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor Saturday, November 21, 1987 after guiding the Buckeyes to a 23-20 win over the Wolverines. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season – against Michigan – but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, “I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn’t mind so much today.” (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)  [Photographed on Kodak Tri-X Pan film with Canon F-1 Cameras and Canon L series lenses. Digitized with a Nikon CoolScan 4000ED.]

 

Earle Bruce was a former American football player and coach. He served as the head coach at the University of Tampa (1972), Iowa State University (1973–1978), Ohio State University (1979–1987), the University of Northern Iowa(1988), and Colorado State University (1989–1992), compiling a career college football record of 154–90–2. At Ohio State, Bruce was the successor to the legendary Woody Hayes, and won four Big Ten Conference titles. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2002. Bruce returned to coaching in 2003 to helm the Iowa Barnstormers of the Arena Football League for a season and also guided the Columbus Destroyers the following year.

After Woody Hayes was fired from Ohio State, Bruce was offered that head coaching position. Bruce coached Ohio State from 1979–1987. In Bruce’s first year, Ohio State went undefeated in the regular season and played in the Rose Bowl, losing the game—and at least a share of the national championship—by a single point.

The Buckeyes would win nine games in Bruce’s first eight years, including another 10-win season in 1986. They also won or shared three more Big Ten titles (outright in 1984, shared in 1981 and 1986). However, they would only appear in one more Rose Bowl (after the 1984 season–Ohio State’s last Rose Bowl appearance until after the 1996 season) and would only tally one more top ten finish (in 1986). This rankled a fan base used to contending for a national title every year.

In 1987, Ohio State was sent reeling when star receiver Cris Carter was kicked off the team for signing with an agent. Without Carter, the school’s all-time leader in receptions, the Buckeyes appeared to be a rudderless team. They lost to Indiana for the first time in 38 years and never really recovered.

Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season—against Michigan—but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jenningsmade the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, “I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn’t mind so much today.”

 After Ohio State

Bruce was the leading candidate to replace Bob Valesente as head coach of the Kansas Jayhawks after the 1987 season, but due to a contract dispute, KU did not hire him. KU instead hired Glen Mason out of Kent State. Bruce took over the head coaching position at the University of Northern Iowa for one year, and then finished his intercollegiate coaching career at Colorado State University. In his second season, he led the Rams to a winning record and a victory over Oregon in the Freedom Bowl, their first bowl appearance since 1948 and their first bowl victory ever. He was fired two years later for, among other things, verbally and physically abusing his players and discouraging players from taking classes that conflicted with football practice.

In his final season at Fort Collins, he coached the Rams to a 17-14 victory over LSU in Baton Rouge. Five years earlier, his final Ohio State team played LSU to a 13-13 tie in Tiger Stadium in a nationally televised game.

After Colorado State, he moved on to the Arena Football League, where he coached the Cleveland Thunderbolts in 1994 and the St. Louis Stampede in 1995 and 1996 before retiring.

In 2003, Bruce came out of retirement to coach the final ten games for the Arena Football League‘s Iowa Barnstormers, guiding them to a 7–3 record. In 2004, Bruce returned to Ohio to become the head coach for the Columbus Destroyers, who were moving from Buffalo to Columbus that year. He retired to a front office position after coaching the Destroyers to a 6–10 record in 2004, and was replaced as head coach by Chris Spielman, who played for Bruce at Ohio State. Bruce finished with a 19–25 record over four seasons in the AFL.

Thereafter, Bruce worked as an Ohio State football analyst for WTVN 610AM in Columbus as well an analyst for ONN on their OSU programming. On October 1, 2016, Bruce was honored during the Rutgers-Ohio State halftime and dotted the “i” during Script Ohio.

In his private life, Earle Bruce is married with four children and eight grandchildren. His daughters’ names are Lynn, Mikky, Aimee, and Noel. It was revealed, on August 25th, 2017, that Bruce was battling the earliest stages of Alzheimer’s disease. His death was announced by his family on April 20th, 2018.

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce and his wife Jean Bruce answer reporters questions at his final press luncheon held at the Buckeye Cafe Monday, November 16, 1987 on the same day that he was fired as Head Coach of the Ohio State University Football Team. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season - against Michigan - but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, "I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn't mind so much today." (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)

Ohio State Football Coach Earl Bruce and his wife Jean Bruce answer reporters questions at his final press luncheon held at the Buckeye Cafe Monday, November 16, 1987 on the same day that he was fired as Head Coach of the Ohio State University Football Team. Bruce was fired just prior to the last game of the season – against Michigan – but was allowed to finish out the year. Reportedly, school president Edward Harrington Jennings made the move out of pique over a last-second loss to Iowa that dropped the Buckeyes to 5-4-1, meaning they needed to beat Michigan in order to be bowl-eligible. Bruce was able to defeat Michigan at Ann Arbor. This is something Ohio State would not do again until 2001 under head coach Jim Tressel. After the game, Bo Schembechler told Bruce, “I always mind losing to Ohio State but I didn’t mind so much today.” (© James D. DeCamp | http://JamesDeCamp.com | 614-367-6366)  [Photographed on Kodak Tri-X Pan film with Canon F-1 Cameras and Canon L series lenses. Digitized with a Nikon CoolScan 4000ED.]

 

 

Earle Bruce was a former American football player and coach. He served as the head coach at the University of Tampa (1972), Iowa State University (1973–1978), Ohio State University (1979–1987), the University of Northern Iowa(1988), and Colorado State University (1989–1992), compiling a career college football record of 154–90–2. At Ohio State, Bruce was the successor to the legendary Woody Hayes, and won four Big Ten Conference titles. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2002. Bruce returned to coaching in 2003 to helm the Iowa Barnstormers of the Arena Football League for a season and also guided the Columbus Destroyers the following year.